Method of and arrangement for receiving electrical oscillations



Nov. 20 1923.

A. MEISSNER METHOD OF AND ARRANGEMENT FOR RECEIVING ELECTRICALOSCILLATIONS Jhoenfom I ER 5455mm Filed Aug. 8, 1922 Patented 20, 1923."q 1,474,726 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ALEXANDER MEISSNER, or BRRLm, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR "r eEsn'LLscnAri' rimDRAHTL SR TELEGRAPHIE M. B. H. HALLESCHES, or BERLIN, GE MANY, A coR-roRA'rIoN or GERMANY. v

METHOD or Am) ARRANGEMENT ro REcEIvmc oscuLA'nons. A lication 'fl ledAugust a, 1922-. Serial No. 580,519.

To all whom itmay concern: tain'scope of frequency is allotted which 66Be it known that .I, Dr. ALEXANDER must also be available for receivin in MEIssnER, of German nationality, residing order that full use may bemade 0 the at 12 /13 Hallesches Ufer, Berlin, Germany, transmitterenergy. The scope of frequency have invented certain new and useful.Imof each sender must include 2500 oscilla-v provements in and Relatingto Methods tions both above and below its operating 00 of andArrangement for Receiving Elecfrequency, andjto prevent interference,other trical Oscillations; and I do hereby declare senders must-remainoutside of these-limits. the following to be a full, clear, and exactThe consequence of these facts is that within description of theinvention, of which the a range of wave lengths from 20.000 to followingis aspecificatlon and for which an 50,000 oscillations, for example,only from 05 application was filed in Germany May 27, 6 to 10 senderscan be operated side by side 1921, No. G. 53,971. with heterodynereception, if signals are to, v

The invention relates to a method of and be received in anunobjectionable manner.

arrangement for receiving electrical oscilla- When, however, inaccordance with the prestions, by the used which important adentinvention, the frequency of the received 70 vantages are obtained,especlally 1n heteroenergy is increased previous to heterodyning, dynereception of undamped oscillations. In the lnterference prevention rangeof 2500 accordance with an important feature of the cycles is to betaken into account with regard invention, received energy, previous tothe to the increasedfrequency, i. e., if, for inhete-rodyning, is passedthrough a dev1ce stance, frequency of the received energy is 75 whichincreases its frequency. The lncrease quadrupled. Four times as manysenders of frequency may be obtained by s'uch a can be operatedsimultaneously side by side transformation or distortion respectlvelyofin the same scope of the received frequency the received energy as togive rise to a harwithout trouble in heterodyne reception.

monic of the basic frequency of suchenergy. .The invention will beexplained herein, 80 For this purpose, for instance, coilshavlng by Wayof example, in connection with an iron cores may be used with orwithoutsatuarrangement in which the increase of freration. Othersuitable means for increasing quency is effected by means of a vacuumtube the frequency of the received energy include rect fier.

vacuum tube rectifiers; thus from the plate Flg. 1 shows a frequencyincreasing device as circuit of a vacuum tube relay current of acomprising two vacuum tubes; Fig, 2 shows frequency greater than'that ofthe current curves explanatory of the action of the desupplied to therelay may be taken. The. vice shown 1n F1g. 1;-F1g. 3 shows a receiv- 85received energy may be supplied directly ing system in wh1ch thefrequency 'of the to the frequency increasing means at the recelvedenergyabsorbed by the antenna is 90 received high frequency; or a lowerfreincreased before it is transformed into'usequency derived from t ereceived energy ful energy; and F1g.4 shows'a modified after any'suitable transformation of suc form 0 receivlng system enabling the 40energy may be suplplied to the frequency elimination of disturbances bymeans of a increasing means. t is essential, however, compensatingclrcult; 96- that in the receiving system as a whole the I Flgure 1 ofthe drawing shows, for inreceived'energy is changed to a higher stagestance, a frequency increasin device comof frequency previous to theheterodyning. risingtwo vacuum tubes. E ectrical oscil- The mventionaffords a particularl large ations are transmitted to the coil 3 by andegree of freedom from troubles, at its antenna or other suitable sourceof energy 10o most important advantage is considered to and themid-point of the coil 3 is connecte be that it enables the number ofsenders opto the filaments of the tubes 1 and 2, the cratingsimultaneously on a given scope of grid and plate circuits of which arear-;

waves to be considerably increased; In the ranged in parallel. The twotubes are pre'fuse of long distance stations, which generally erablyadjusted with a negative grid poten- 1015' use relatively long wavelengths, the number tial in such a manner that they operate at ofsenders which can be operated side by side the lower bend of the tubecharacteristic, alis soon reached, since to every sender a eerthough, ifdesired, they maybe adjusted of the received ener mg it can becarrie outin connection with.

coils W1 to operate at' the top bend. 4: is the grid-battery. The tubes1 and 2 furnish in their plate circuits, in consequence of the effect ofthe rectifier, currents of the kind represented at a and b respectivelyin Fig. 2. In the common portion of their plate circuits be- "tween thepoints 5 and 7, a current of the from the device.

Manifestly, several similar devices may be used in series in order toobtain a stillgreaterincrease of frequency. With such a device, amultiple increase of frequency can also be efl'ected by againreturningto the primary side of the device the energy of increased frequencytaken from the coil 6. Also from one of such devices and without returnconduction a higher harmonic of the received energy may be drawn if theheating of the filaments and the potential of the grids of the tubes arechosen in such a manner as to cause a higher harmonicto stand outstronger. V

Fig. 3 shows an example of a receiving system for wireless telegraphy inwhich the freqkiliency of the received energy absorbed by t e antenna isincreased before his transformed into useful energy by means of furtherparts of the system. 8 denotes the antenna which is coupled by means ofthe coil 9 to the coil 3 of a vacuum tube device according to Fig. 1.The coil 3 together with the condenser 10 forms a secondary circuitsyntonized to the frequency of the received energy. The energy ofincreased frequency is transmitted to, the circuit 11 by the coil 6 andthence passed to the audion 12 which is connected to the telephone 13.The heterodyning in accordance with the invention may take place in thecircuit 11 by an oscillator 14. The heterodyning ofthe increasedfrequency in the circuit 11 has the further advantage that outsidedisturbances due to the heterodyning energy are avoided since theheterodynin energy cannot be radiated.

Obviously, the feature of the invention which consists in increasing thefrequency and then heterodynany desired device for the transformation offrequency. For example, the usual vacuum tube rectifiers can be used,but also for receiving plurposes suitably dimensioned iron 't orwithoutdirect current saturation may beemployed for the distortion ofthe shape of the curve and the production of harmonic oscillations.

The arrangement described also enables the elimination of disturbancesby means of a compensating circuit coupled to the receiving arrangementon opposite sides of the frequency increasing device; or by using tworeceiving circuits, each having a frequency increasing device, andconnecting the two receiving circuits by way of a compensating formationtakes place in the two circuits in a different manner. In the use of thearrangement shown in Fig. 4:, heterodyning is effected in the circuit 3,10 by an oscillator 15 and simultaneously in the circuit 11 by theoscillator 14. For example, as a result of the first heterodyning, atone 500 and by the second one a tone 1000 may be obtained. The resultby reason of the provision of the compensating circuit 16 is theproduction of a mixed tone in the common indicator 13'. If in such anarrangement, heterodyning is efiected in the circuit 11 only, thedisturbances may be wholly or partially neutralized but instead of themixed tone, a pure tone is obtained. 7

Amongst the manifold possibilities of utilizing the invention there isthe possibility of receiving simultaneously waves of various lengths,for. instance, by coupling several receiving circuits syntonized tovarious harmonics with the conduit in which the increasedfrequencyoccurs.

Furthermore all combinations of the most varying receiving means andselectingmeans with an increase of frequency at any point within theseries of the receivin transformations come within the scope theinvention.

I claim as my invention:

1. A. method of receiving electrical oscillations which consists inincreasing the frequency of the received oscillations, heterodyning theincreased frequency to form a beat frequency, and detecting the beatfrequencg.

2. method of receiving electrical oscillations which consists inproducing a harmonic of the frequency of the oscillations desired to bereceived, heterodyning the harmonic to form a beat frequency, anddetecting the beat frequency.

3. A method of receiving electrical oscillations which consistsin'i'ncreasing the frequency of the received oscillations, heterodyningthe increased frequency to form a beat frequency, compensatingdisturbances of the oscillations desired to be received so as 'to causethe disturbances to neutralize each other, and detecting the beatfrequency.

'4. An arrangement for receiving electrical oscillations comprisingmeans for increasing the frequency of the oscillations desired to bereceived, means for hcterodyning the in creased frequency to form a beatfrequency, and means for detecting thebeat frequency.

5. An arrangement for receivingelectrical oscillations comprising adevice, including vacuum tube rectifiers, for increasing the frequencyof the received oscillations, means for heterodyning the increasedfrequency to form a beat frequency, and means for detecting the beatfrequency.

GHAn arrangement for receiving electrical oscillations oomprising'adevice for producing a harmonic of the frequency of the receivedoscillations, said device including a plurality of vacuum tubesconnected in parallel so that the rectified Waves in the plate circuitsof the tubes combine with each other to form a harmonic of the receivedoscillations, means for heterodyning the harmonic to form a beatfrequency, and means for de for causing disturbances of the oscillationstectininthe beat frequency.

7. arrangement for receiving electrical oscillations comprising a devicefor increas-- ing the frequency of the received oscillatlons, means forheterodynmg the increased frequency to form a beat frequency, meansdesired to be received to neutralize each other; and means for detectingthe beat frequenciy.

8. n arrangement for receivlng electrical oscillations comprising anantenna, a frequency increasing device having a tuned circuit arrangedon its input side and coupled with the antenna, an oscillator coupledwith said tuned circuit for producing a beat with the frequency of thereceived oscillations, an'oscillator coupled with the output circuit ofthe frequency increasing device for heterodyning the increased frequencyto form a beat frequency, a compensating circuit coupled with said tunedcircult, and

'with the output-side of the frequency increasing. devlce, and means fordetecting the last-mentioned beat frequency.

9. An arrangement for receiving electrical DR. ALEXANDER MEISSNER.

